Nanopore sequencing is the fourth-generation DNA sequencing technology and the significant advantages of nanopores (biological or solid state) include label-free, ultralong reads (10 4 -10 6 bases), high throughput, and low material requirement (Feng et al., 2015). 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston (2016) Abstract #2982. Xia K, Hagan JT, Fu L, Sheetz BS, Bhattacharya S, Zhang F, Dwyer JR, Linhardt RJ. We wanted to address the composition of this community by analysis of transcripts from a commonly used DNA bar-coding gene, 18S rRNA, a component of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU), and to study the community's activity, too. Confusion matrices for sequencing using constant-voltage. Nanopore sequencing technology is one example of such technologies that can produce long read lengths.